Leatherback turtles are one of the seven sea turtles in the world. In Indonesia, populations are known from Papua and Sumatra. IUCN listed the leatherback population of Sumatra as data deficient and Papua as critically endangered. Furthermore, most known rookeries in both populations are in unprotected areas. Therefore, it is crucial to study both populations. By assessing the current policy, habitat and structure of the populations, the trend of the populations can be determined. This information will provide fundamental data that will be used to establish an effective management plan and prevent the extinction of the populations.