Point sources of nutrients (manure and human waste discharges) are a major cause of pollution in Chinese surface waters. This has a negative impact on ecosystems by increasing risks for eutrophication and threatening society’s clean water resources. This research aims to analyse the impact of point source pollution on ecosystems and society and explore the possibilities to reduce this impact. A multi-scale modelling approach will be developed to assess the environmental impacts on biophysical scales and effects of environmental policies on administrative scales. First, updated datasets of N and P inputs from point sources to rivers in China will be developed on a grid scale, that allows for assessments of both environmental impacts and policies. Second, an integrated model will be developed to quantify the nutrients flows from land to waters. Indicators for water quality and clean water availability will be developed to assess the ecosystems and societal impacts. Thirdly, the effectiveness of different management options for point sources will be assessed considering relevant local characteristics. Finally, scenarios will be developed searching for sustainable future pathways.